Teaching is not a cup of tea. It is a complex task. To accomplish this task, teaching has to go through different phases. Therefore, a well-organized plan is needed. There are three different phases of teaching, which help us understand the various stages of teaching. Through these stages, we can easily achieve the goals of teaching.
Three phases of teaching are: Pre active phase, Inter active phase and Post active phase. These phases are given by Philip Jackson.
Pre-active Phase
• It is the planning stage of teaching. Organising of teaching occurs in this stage. In this stage teacher plans his teaching and thinks about what necessary steps he needs to include to make teaching successful.
• Before entering the classroom, the teacher formulates the learning objectives. These objectives are based on cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills.
• In the next step, the teacher selects the subject matter which is to be taught in the classroom. The content which is to be selected should be well-structured and relevant to the curriculum.
• In the next step, a teacher should decide on teaching strategies to achieve educational objectives. Teachers could use different methods and strategies such as lecture method, discussion method, lecture cum demonstration, inquiry-based learning, and project-based learning.
Inter-active Phase
• It is also called the execution stage. In this stage, the teacher engages with the students and facilitates learning.
• All the content which is planned in the first phase will be delivered here. To deliver the content, teachers can use different teaching strategies as mentioned in the first phase.
• For better content delivery, teachers can use various micro-teaching skills such as the skill of questioning, skill of reinforcement, skill of explaining, skill of stimulus variation etc. It will ensure effective learning and stimulate student thinking and learning.
Post-active Phase
• In this stage teacher reflects on the teaching-learning process. The teacher evaluates the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process through formal assessment and informal assessment.
• One of the Important parts of this phase is real-time assessment and feedback. It reinforces learning and helps students correct their mistakes.
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