Achievement test is a tool used to evaluate the student’s learning, achievements and progress.
Thorndike defined achievement test as “the ability test that describes what a person has learned to do”.
According to Groulund, “Achievement test is a systematic procedure for determining the amount a student has learned through instructions”.
Objectives of Achievement Test
Following are some of the objectives of the Achievement test:
• To achieve the educational objectives.
• To measure the knowledge and understanding of individuals in a subject.
• To provide feedback to the teachers and students in their teaching-learning process.
• To measure the effectiveness of a curriculum.
• To diagnose the needs and abilities of the students.
• To plan remedial measures.
Types of Achievement Test
There are two types of achievement tests:
1.) Standardised test
2.) Teacher-made tests (Written and Oral tests)
(1) Standardised tests
Standardised tests are based on scientific research methodology and are usually prepared by experts to achieve specific objectives. The purpose of standardised tests is:
To create an instructional plan.
To evaluate the program.
To diagnose students' strengths and weaknesses.
(2) Teacher made test
Teacher-made tests are prepared by the teachers themselves. These are constructed to achieve the general objectives of the classroom. Generally, there are three types of teacher-made tests- Written, Oral and Practical.
• Written tests include Essay type, Short answer type and objective tests.
(1) Essay-type questions require individuals to craft well-structured, in-depth responses that demonstrate their critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. These types of questions demand a detailed explanation of a topic.
For Example: Discuss the various techniques of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation.
(2) Short-answer type questions require concise and to-the-point responses, ranging from a few sentences to a short paragraph.
For Example: What is the difference between Formative and Summative Evaluation.
(3) Objective-type questions include multiple-choice, true/false and matching-type questions. These questions assess students' knowledge across a wide range of concepts.
For Example: Which of the following is not the result of learning product?
(a) Attitude (b) Concept (c) Development (d) Skills
• Oral tests are also known as viva voce. These involve a face-to-face interaction between the student and examiner. On the other hand, practical tests assess students' hands-on skills and application of knowledge.
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